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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Constructive dilemma ： ウィキペディア英語版 Constructive dilemma Constructive dilemma〔Hurley, Patrick. A Concise Introduction to Logic With Ilrn Printed Access Card. Wadsworth Pub Co, 2008. Page 361〕〔Moore and Parker〕〔Copi and Cohen〕 is a name of a valid rule of inference of propositional logic. It is the inference that, if ''P'' implies ''Q'' and ''R'' implies ''S'' and either ''P'' or ''R'' is true, then ''Q or S'' has to be true. In sum, if two conditionals are true and at least one of their antecedents is, then at least one of their consequents must be too. ''Constructive dilemma'' is the disjunctive version of modus ponens, whereas, destructive dilemma is the disjunctive version of ''modus tollens''. The rule can be stated: :$\backslash frac$ where the rule is that whenever instances of "$P\; \backslash to\; Q$", "$R\; \backslash to\; S$", and "$P\; \backslash or\; R$" appear on lines of a proof, "$Q\; \backslash or\; S$" can be placed on a subsequent line. == Formal notation == The ''constructive dilemma'' rule may be written in sequent notation: : $(P\; \backslash to\; Q),\; (R\; \backslash to\; S),\; (P\; \backslash or\; R)\; \backslash vdash\; (Q\; \backslash or\; S)$ where $\backslash vdash$ is a metalogical symbol meaning that $Q\; \backslash or\; S$ is a syntactic consequence of $P\; \backslash to\; Q$, $R\; \backslash to\; S$, and $Q\; \backslash or\; S$ in some logical system; and expressed as a truth-functional tautology or theorem of propositional logic: :$(((P\; \backslash to\; Q)\; \backslash and\; (R\; \backslash to\; S))\; \backslash and\; (P\; \backslash or\; R))\; \backslash to\; (Q\; \backslash or\; S)$ where $P$, $Q$, $R$ and $S$ are propositions expressed in some formal system. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Constructive dilemma」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.